Tumor Vascularization

Book Description :

Tumor Vascularization discusses the different types of growth of tumor blood vessels and their implications on research and healthcare. The book is divided into three parts: the first one, General Mechanisms, discusses different vessel growth mechanisms, such as sprouting angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth, intussusceptive microvascular growth, vascular co-option and vasculogenic mimicry. The second and third parts, entitled Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Implications are dedicated to translating recent findings in this field to patient treatment and healthcare. This book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and members of the biomedical field who are interested in tumor progression and blood vessels. Explains new, non-orthodox concepts recently developed and related to the modality of growth of tumor blood vessels Provides information on the types of angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth and vascular co-option, discussing both their similarities and differences Encompasses a discussion on clinical implications of tumor vascularization to translate research findings into treatment

Book Description :

Tumor Vascularization discusses the different types of growth of tumor blood vessels and their implications on research and healthcare. The book is divided into three parts: the first one, General Mechanisms, discusses different vessel growth mechanisms, such as sprouting angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth, intussusceptive microvascular growth, vascular co-option and vasculogenic mimicry. The second and third parts, entitled Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Implications are dedicated to translating recent findings in this field to patient treatment and healthcare. This book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and members of the biomedical field who are interested in tumor progression and blood vessels. Explains new, non-orthodox concepts recently developed and related to the modality of growth of tumor blood vessels Provides information on the types of angiogenesis, non-angiogenesis dependent growth and vascular co-option, discussing both their similarities and differences Encompasses a discussion on clinical implications of tumor vascularization to translate research findings into treatment

Book Description :

This is the first comprehensive book to cover all areas of a rapidly expanding research area. Each chapter is written by world experts in the field and topics covered include in vivo models, mechanisms, inhibition, and the role of macrophages, cytokines, proteases, extracellular matrix components, nitric oxide, prostanoids and oncogenes/tumour suppressor genes in angiogenesis. Other chapters examine the role of specific growth factors in angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor, the basic fibroblast growth factor family, transforming growth factor-beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase and pleiotrophin and related molecules. Clinical issues are addressed in chapters that deal with the prognostic and predictive value of tumor microvessel density and the therapeutic significance of microregional blood flow. The two final chapters examine the feasibility of targeting tumour vasculature using either antibodies or gene therapy.

Book Description :

Download Tumor Vessels as Directors of the Tumor Microenvironment New Findings Current Challenges Perspectives book written by Lucas Treps,Ann Ager,Kyoko Hida,Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Tumor angiogenesis is one of the most prominent mechanisms driving tumor development and progression. This book is written by internationally renowned experts. Part 1 describes the basic mechanisms. Tumor-angiogenic signaling pathways are presented as new potential targets for anti-angiogenic therapy. Part 2 reviews the efforts made to validate new targets and to show efficacy in animals. Part 3 is devoted to the clinical development of the novel anti-angiogenic drugs and their use in clinical practice.

Book Description :

In recent years, serine proteases and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have gained considerable attention in tumor biology. For most of these proteases, their expression is a reliable indication of ongoing tissue remodeling. This book provides a comprehensive evaluation of the mechanisms of action of proteases and their inhibitors in tumor biology. The first part provides the reader with a selective overview of the molecular biology of serine proteases, MMPs and their physiological inhibitors. The most important proteases and their physiological as well as synthetic inhibitors are evaluated in the most relevant models of experimental and human cancer. The clinical aspects are also taken into account. This volume offers an update on this challenging aspect of cancer treatment, its interest bias, and possible clinical implication.

Book Description :

In Vivo Models to Study Angiogenesis provides the latest information and an overview of the most common assays for studying angiogenesis in vivo. Under physiological conditions, angiogenesis is tightly controlled, whereas increased production of angiogenic stimuli and/or reduced production of angiogenic inhibitors leads to abnormal neovascularization, such as occurs in cancer, chronic inflammatory disease, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration and cardiovascular disorders. Several genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the early development of the vascular system. This book presents the latest information from the extensive literature and research available. Evidence is now emerging that blood vessels themselves have the ability to provide instructive regulatory signals to surrounding non-vascular target cells during organ development. Thus, endothelial cell signaling is currently believed to promote fundamental cues for cell fate specification, embryo patterning, organ differentiation and postnatal tissue remodeling. Provides information on the most common assays to study angiogenesis in vivo Presents an ideal reference for those interested in angiogenesis as a normal and vital process in growth and development Covers wound healing, the formation of granulation tissue, and the transition of tumors from benign to malignant

Book Description :

This textbook systematically reviews the working principles and modes of application of techniques applicable to noninvasive and invasive vascular examinations. The authors cover the essential physical and/or chemical principles of each diagnostic modality and so derive the characteristics of the diagnostic instrumentation. Physicians thus learn how to translate advanced technology into optimum diagnostic efficacy in daily clinical routine.

Book Description :

To profoundly understand biology and harness its intricacies for human benefit and the mitigation of human harm requires cross-disciplinary approaches that incorporate sophisticated computational and mathematical modeling techniques. These integrative strategies are essential to achieve rapid and significant progress in issues, in health and disease, which span molecular, cellular and tissue levels. The use of mathematical models to describe various aspects of tumor growth has a very long history, dating back over six decades. Recently, however, experimental and computational advances have improved our in the understanding of how processes act at multiple scales to mediate the development of tumor vasculature and drive the advancement of cancer. This book will showcase the development and utilization of new computational and mathematical approaches to address multiscale challenges associated with tumor vascular development. In Part I: Cell Signaling and Molecular Aspects of Tumor Blood Vessel Formation, it will be come clear that mathematical modeling can help to biochemically and biomechanically phenotype one of the most important cell types involved in cancer progression: vascular endothelial cells. When subverted by the tumor modulated environment, vascular endothelial cells form a new vascular supply capable of nourishing and translocating cancer cells to other tissues. The models in Part I illustrate the importance of quantitative approaches for gaining a deeper understanding of how normal and abnormal aspects of signal integration culminate in the cell proliferation, migration, and survival decisions that result in pathological tumor angiogenesis. The focus of Part II is the angiogenesis cascade and all of its complexities. Successful angiogenesis is mediated by the intricate interplay between biochemical and biomechanical mechanisms, including cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, cell surface receptor binding, and intracellular signal transduction. A major challenge facing the cancer research community is to integrate known information in a way that improves our understanding of the principal underpinnings driving tumor angiogenesis and that will advance efforts aimed at the development of new therapies for treating cancer. The chapters in Part II will highlight several mathematical and computational approaches for that can potentially address this challenge. While the first two thirds of the book’s chapters demonstrate how important insights can be gained by studying cell signaling and vascular morphology and function, the series of chapters in Part III: Whole Organ Modeling of Tumor Growth and Vasculature, will integrate vasculature development with tumor growth dynamics. These two processes strongly depend on one another in ways that can only be theoretically investigated by biophysical approaches that cut across several levels of biological organization and describe both the tumor and the developing vasculature as they co-evolve. The purpose of this edited volume is not to provide a comprehensive review of all modeling efforts that address tumor vascular modeling; instead, a variety of interesting and innovative mathematical modeling approaches for understanding the development and effects of tumor vasculature are highlighted in order to illustrate some of the emerging trends in the field.

Book Description :

This book offers significant coverage on different aspects of cancer from risk factors to the mechanisms leading to tumor progression and metastasis. Although tremendous progress has been made in cancer research and treatment, cancer metastasis remains a major unmet clinical need. The life and death of many cancer patients hangs on the degree of metastasis. This book provides new perspectives for diagnosis and cancer therapy. It includes new technologies and a new basis for current cancer therapies. To guarantee the high quality of this book, important topics are included and rigorously discussed in a simple and authentic way. The book addresses important challenges governing tumor progression and metastasis and brings new responses to both diagnosis and therapy. This book is a great source of knowledge and will be useful for researchers, medical doctors, oncologists, graduate and medical students, continued medical educators, health care providers, and all individuals interested in understanding cancer and its challenges.

Book Description :

Tumors must manipulate the host vasculature to provide a blood supply adequate for their proliferation. Although tumors may arise as avascular masses. there is increasing evidence that some tumors begin to proliferate by coopting the host vasculature. By analyzing cell proliferation kinetics of endothelial cells (EC) and PC3 prostate cancer cells, we provide evidence that EC proliferation could not account for rapid tumor growth. Although PC3mm2 expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) failed to grow in the ears, in an orthotopic GFP - expressing melanoma model we demonstrated that the tumor vasculature was generated from a preexisting red cell-deficient vascular network that continuously remodeled to accommodate the requirements of the expanding tumor mass. Topical application of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to vascular beds generated immediate and robust vascular transitions that were morphologically similar to tumor-induced vascular transitions. N(phi)-nitro-L-arginine, a nitric oxide inhibitor that prevented VEGF-mediated vascular remodeling and vasodilatation, significantly inhibited prostate tumor growth without reducing EC proliferation. These findings suggest that prostate tumor-induced remodeling of red cell-deficient vessels, and not angiogenic sprouting, contributes to tumor vascularization and concomitant proliferation.

Book Description :

Der Band fasst die modernen Verfahren und neuesten Erkenntnisse auf dem Gebiet der Gefäßdiagnostik zusammen. Der Textteil beschreibt die Gefäßregion mit Sonoanatomie, Untersuchungsablauf und Normalbefund sowie die Indikation der Ultraschalluntersuchung und die klinische Relevanz der Untersuchungsergebnisse. Der Atlasteil veranschaulicht anhand aussagekräftiger Ultraschallbilder die verschiedenen Krankheitsbilder. Die 3. Auflage behandelt verstärkt die Bedeutung der Ultraschall-Routinediagnostik für seltene Gefäßerkrankungen.

Book Description :

Because of their ability to differentiate and develop into functional vasculature, stem cells hold tremendous promise for therapeutic applications. However, the scientific understanding and the ability to engineer these cellular systems is still in its early stages, and must advance significantly for the therapeutic potential of stem cells to be realized. Stem cell differentiation and function are exquisitely tuned by their microenvironment. This book will provide a unique perspective of how different aspect of the vasculature microenvironment regulates differentiation and assembly. Recent efforts to exploits modern engineering techniques to study and manipulate various biophysical cues will be described including: oxygen tension during adult and embryonic vasculogenesis (Semenza and Zandstra), extracellular matrix during tube morphogenesis and angiogenesis (Wirtz, Davis, Ingber), surface topography and modification (Chen and Gerecht), shear stress and cyclic strain effect on vascular assembly and maturation (Vunjak-Novakovic and Niklason), and three dimensional space for angio-andvasculogensis (Ferreria and Fischbach).

Book Description :

This book reviews different aspects of the cancer microenvironment, and its regulation and importance for tumor progression. Methodological advancements and practical applications, in terms of how biomarkers are studied and increasingly included in clinical trials and therapy protocols, are described and discussed. Biomarkers of the Tumor Microenvironment is an educational resource for students and members of the cancer research community as a whole, especially for those using morphology analysis techniques and models focusing on the cross-talk between different cell types in tumors. The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the microenvironment in various contexts from the perspectives of experienced and accomplished cancer researchers and clinicians.

Book Description :

The present volume constitutes an attempt to compile contem porary features of diagnosis and treatment of renal and adrenal tumors. A thorough survey of the field is ensured by the authors' considerable scientific experience. Tumors of the kidneys and the adrenal glands are being diagnosed and treated by physicians of different medical disciplines. For both types of tumor, the pathologic cellular substrate is of crucial importance in diagnosis and therapy. In recent years significant diagnostic advances have been made, ranging from angiography through ultrasonography and computer tomography to immunology. New impulses in oncologic therapy have occurred in surgery, radiation therapy, and tumor emboliza tion. A further important topic is renal tumors in infants. Such tumors involve special aspects of both diagnosis and therapy and also have a distinctive prognosis. We are indebted both to Springer-Verlag, who supported us in our intention to write this book, and to our colleagues, whose help is greatly appreciated. For the authors: E. LOHR Essen/Heidelberg, September 1979 Contents (Chapters marked with an asterisk have been translated by H.-U. Eickenberg) Pathology of Renal and Adrenal Neoplasms L.-D. Leder, H.J. Richter, and Chr. Stambolis ...... . 1. Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Kidney in the Adult 1.1. General Remarks . 1.2. Heterotopic Tissue . . . . l.2.l. Adrenal Tissue . . . . . .

Book Description :

This book, for the first time, comprehensively assembles and analyzes a large body of information on the role of the fundamental mechanism of the protein biosynthesis pathway, translation, in cancer biology. It systematically explores the function of the translation machinery and its regulation, including cell signaling, in the development, maintenance and progression of human cancer. The work presented here unveils the tremendous potential and applications of this vast and exciting branch of genetic, biochemical and molecular science in cancer medicine and drug development. Chapters contributed by experts in the field take the reader on a journey that starts with a dissection of the translation machinery and its regulation in norm and cancer. Later chapters characterize etiological and pathogenetic roles that translation plays in specific cancer types. Various aspects of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significance of the translation machinery and its control in cancer are discussed. Readers will discover the importance of the process of translation and its regulatory mechanisms in physiology and cancer biology. The chapters and the numerous illustrations included here were contributed by expert scientists and clinicians from renowned academic and clinical establishments in Canada, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Italy, France, Belgium, Spain, Germany and Australia. The book conveys information and knowledge that may interest a broad range of students and scholars ranging from basic scientists to clinicians and drug developers seeking to better understand the protein synthesis and its aberrations in cancer biology and cancer medicine.

Book Description :

This reference provides a synthesis of the whole field of vascular biology, from the latest advances in the study of the structure and function of blood vessels to recent investigations of their interaction with blood cells, with non-cellular constituants of the blood, or with cells of the neighbouring tissue. The latest results from tumor angiogenesis to the latest advances in atherosclerosis research are discussed by leading experts in the field. Together with the CD-ROM this guarantees both researchers and clinicians quick and easy access to all relevant information.

Book Description :

The immune system harbors great potential for controlling and eliminating tumors. Recent developments in the field of immuno-oncology has led to unprecedented clinical benefits for a broad spectrum of solid tumors. However, immunotherapy (IT) approaches currently have several limitations including (i) low response rate; (ii) development of resistance and (iii) causing severe immune-related adverse effects (IrAEs), which underline the importance of adequate patient selection. Importantly, IT holds promising synergistic potential when combined with standard-of-care chemotherapy, radiotherapy (RT) and anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT) as part of multi-modal oncologic treatment regimes. Published data suggest that there are potential synergy between RT and AAT, which ultimately could help potentiate the response to IT. However, the complex interactions between RT and IT and/or AAT remain poorly understood. Many research questions including optimal timing, scheduling and dosing, as well as patient selection and side effects of combined therapy approaches, remain to be addressed. This Research Topic aims to give a comprehensive overview of the current field with particular emphasis on the future outlook of RT and AAT as complementary approaches to improve IT in solid tumors.

Book Description :

Beverly Teicher and a panel of distinguished investigators survey the state-of-the-art of antiangiogenesis research from the lab bench to clinical trials. Timely and authoritative, the contributors summarize our current understanding of tumor growth and its dependence on vascular development, as well as the present status of antiangiogenic agents in preclinical and clinical development. In addition, the book also examines what is known about the mechanisms by which these therapeutic agents interfere with tumor vasculature and grapples with the problem of establishing criteria by which to assess their clinical efficacy. Antiangiogenic Agents in Cancer Therapy offers a unique cutting-edge compendium of antiangiogenic research, taking stock of what has been accomplished , where the experimental therapeutics of antiangiogenic agents is going, and the continuing evolution of their role in cancer treatment and novel drug development.

Book Description :

Issues in Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fertility, and Pregnancy Research: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fertility, and Pregnancy Research. The editors have built Issues in Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fertility, and Pregnancy Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fertility, and Pregnancy Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Gynecology, Obstetrics, Fertility, and Pregnancy Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.