Thermoregulation From Basic Neuroscience To Clinical Neurology

Book Description :

Thermoregulation, Part II: From Basic Neuroscience to Clinical Neurology, Volume 155, not only reviews how body temperature regulation changes in neurological diseases, but also how this aspect affects the course and outcomes of each disease. Other sections of the volume review three therapeutic approaches that are aimed at manipulating body temperature, including induced hypothermia, induced hyperthermia and antipyretic therapy. The book is comprised of nine sections across two volumes, five dealing with the basic aspects of body temperature regulation and four dealing with the clinical aspects. Basic sections cover the Thermoregulation system, Thermoreceptors, Thermoeffectors, Neural pathways, and Thermoregulation as a homeostatic function. In addition, the book covers the physiology and neuroanatomy of the thermoregulation system and provides descriptions of how the regulation of body temperature intervenes with other physiological functions (such as sleep, osmoregulation, and immunity), stress, exercise and aging. Basic sections serve as an introduction to the four clinical sections: Body Temperature, Clinical Significance, Abnormal Body Temperature, Thermoregulation in Neurological Disease and Therapeutic Interventions. Presents a clear, logical pathway from the fundamental physiology of thermoregulation, through neurobiology, to clinical applications and disease Enables researchers and clinicians to better understand the value of temperature measurement in disease and the use of temperature as a therapy Integrates content from a broad field of research, including topics on the molecular physiology of temperature receptors, to the management of accidental hypothermia

Book Description :

Thermoregulation, Part I: From Basic Neuroscience to Clinical Neurology, Volume 154, not only reviews how body temperature regulation changes in neurological diseases, but also how this aspect affects the course and outcomes of each disease. Other sections of the volume review three therapeutic approaches that are aimed at manipulating body temperature, including induced hypothermia, induced hyperthermia and antipyretic therapy. The book is comprised of nine sections across two volumes, five dealing with the basic aspects of body temperature regulation and four dealing with the clinical aspects. Basic sections cover the Thermoregulation system, Thermoreceptors, Thermoeffectors, Neural pathways, and Thermoregulation as a homeostatic function. In addition, the book covers the physiology and neuroanatomy of the thermoregulation system and provides descriptions of how the regulation of body temperature intervenes with other physiological functions (such as sleep, osmoregulation, and immunity), stress, exercise and aging. Basic sections serve as an introduction to the four clinical sections: Body Temperature, Clinical Significance, Abnormal Body Temperature, Thermoregulation in Neurological Disease and Therapeutic Interventions. Presents a clear, logical pathway from the fundamental physiology of thermoregulation, through neurobiology, to clinical applications and disease Enables researchers and clinicians to better understand the value of temperature measurement in disease and the use of temperature as a therapy Integrates content from a broad field of research, including topics on the molecular physiology of temperature receptors, to the management of accidental hypothermia

Book Description :

Thermoregulation, Part II: From Basic Neuroscience to Clinical Neurology, Volume 155, not only reviews how body temperature regulation changes in neurological diseases, but also how this aspect affects the course and outcomes of each disease. Other sections of the volume review three therapeutic approaches that are aimed at manipulating body temperature, including induced hypothermia, induced hyperthermia and antipyretic therapy. The book is comprised of nine sections across two volumes, five dealing with the basic aspects of body temperature regulation and four dealing with the clinical aspects. Basic sections cover the Thermoregulation system, Thermoreceptors, Thermoeffectors, Neural pathways, and Thermoregulation as a homeostatic function. In addition, the book covers the physiology and neuroanatomy of the thermoregulation system and provides descriptions of how the regulation of body temperature intervenes with other physiological functions (such as sleep, osmoregulation, and immunity), stress, exercise and aging. Basic sections serve as an introduction to the four clinical sections: Body Temperature, Clinical Significance, Abnormal Body Temperature, Thermoregulation in Neurological Disease and Therapeutic Interventions.

Book Description :

Neonatal Neurology, Volume 162 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology, series updates the reader on the latest advances in the study of neurological diseases diagnosed in the fetal and neonatal periods. With recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging, digital electroencephalography recording, and genetic testing and diagnosis, there is expanding awareness relating to early onset neurological conditions and how their early diagnosis can improve prediction of outcome and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome. This new volume covers diagnosis and management of congenital conditions, including brain malformations, neuromuscular conditions and genetic epilepsies, as well as acquired injury related to peri-partum events, prematurity, critical illness and systemic diseases. Provides an in-depth understanding of the basic scientific research, translational research and clinical consensus across neonatal and fetal medicine Explores how early neurological diagnosis can improve prediction of outcome and how management can improve subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome Features chapters co-authored by two experts, combining expertise in both neonatal and fetal neurology

Book Description :

Clinical Neurophysiology: Diseases and Disorders, the latest release in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, reviews the current practice of clinical neurophysiology in the laboratory, by the bedside, and in the operating room or intensive care unit. The volume is organized into sections focused on diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, sleep disorders, and autonomic disorders. Among the CNS topics covered are epilepsy, altered states of consciousness, disorders of cognition, brain death, demyelinating diseases, stroke, pain, movement disorders, vestibular disease, and auditory disorders. Peripheral nervous system topics include focal mononeuropathies, generalized polyneuropathies, muscle diseases, hyperexcitability states, neuromuscular junction disorders, anterior horn cells diseases, and cranial neuropathies. There are also chapters on sleep apneas, hypersomnias, parasomnias, and circadian rhythm disorders. Autonomic topics include primary autonomic failure, multisystem atrophy, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Provides an up-to-date review on the practice of the neurophysiological techniques used in the assessment of neurological diseases Explores the electrophysiological techniques used to better understand neurological function and dysfunction of the central and peripheral nervous systems Discusses monitoring neurologic function in the intensive care unit and the assessment of suspected brain death Includes discussions of various newer techniques, including functional brain mapping, stereo EEG, motor evoked potentials, magnetoencephalography, laser evoked potentials, and transcranial magnetic stimulation

Book Description :

Clinical Neurophysiology: Basis and Technical Aspects, the latest release in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, is organized into sections on basic physiological concepts, on the function and limitations of modern instrumentation, and on other fundamental or methodologic aspects related to the recording of various bioelectric signals from the nervous system for clinical or investigative purposes. There is discussion of the EEG, nerve conduction studies, needle electromyography, intra-operative clinical neurophysiology, sleep physiology and studies, the autonomic nervous system, various sensory evoked potentials, and cognitive neurophysiology. Provides an up-to-date review on the practice of neurophysiological techniques in the assessment of neurological disease Explores the electrophysiological techniques used to better understand neurological function and dysfunction, first in the area of consciousness and epilepsy, then in the areas of the peripheral nervous system and sleep Focuses on new techniques, including electrocorticography, functional mapping, stereo EEG, motor evoked potentials, magnetoencephalography, laser evoked potentials, and transcranial magnetic stimulation

Book Description :

Neurology and Pregnancy provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary guide to best practices for research and practicing neurologists, as well as obstetricians and other specialists caring for women with an acute or chronic neurological disorder. The book encompasses preconception care, genetic counseling, pregnancy in patients with chronic neurological disorders, and acute pregnancy-related neurological complications. Postpartum care and complications, including lactation concerns, are also addressed, as well as the long-term effects of pregnancy and its complications on maternal brain health. Vol 1 summarizes the complex neurophysiological changes in pregnancy from a basic and translational science perspective. This includes neuroimaging, principles of neuro-obstetric critical care, and ethical and medicolegal concerns, describes normal fetal cerebral development and summarizes the management of the most common prenatal neurological diagnoses. Vol 2 focuses on chronic neurological conditions in pregnancy such as epilepsy, migraine, and multiple sclerosis, as well as acute neurological disorders including preeclampsia/ eclampsia, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and CNS infections. Each chapter introduction includes data on epidemiology, when applicable. In discussing management, comments of safety profiles of medications preconceptionally, during pregnancy and lactation are summarized. Each chapter includes 1-2 illustrative cases. Encompasses both chronic and acute neurological disorders in pregnancy Includes epilepsy, sleep disorders, MS, headaches, neuromuscular disorders Covers spinal injury and movement disorders Contains cerebrovascular diseases and brain tumors Examines stroke, hemorrhage, TBI, preeclampsia and more Supplies illustrative case study examples

Book Description :

Sex Differences in Neurology and Psychiatry, Volume 175, addresses this important issue by viewing major neurological and psychiatric conditions through the lens of sexual dimorphism, providing an entirely novel approach to understanding vulnerability factors, as well as potential new treatment strategies in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. The handbook comprises four major sections: (1) Introduction to sex differences in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, (2) Description of the impact of genetic, epigenetic, sex hormonal and other environmental effects on cerebral sex dimorphism, (3) Review of sex differences in neurologic disorders, and (4) Review of sex differences in psychiatric disorders. Explores sex differences in human neuroanatomy and neurophysiology Offers a pathway toward a gender-specific treatment of neurologic and psychiatric disorders Provides an overview of the genetics of sex hormones, human brain structure, and function, as well as the epigenetics, environment and social context

Book Description :

Sports Neurology is designed to be a comprehensive overview of neurology within the context of sports medicine. This definitive text addresses the history of sports neurology, including its unique role within sports medicine, and provides a detailed assessment of central and peripheral nervous system injuries and illnesses in athletes. Sports Neurology is a critical companion for all sports medicine clinicians and for neurologists who manage athletes. Provides an introduction and overview of concussion in sport, discussing the epidemiology, biomechanics and pathophysiology of concussion, as well as considerations for sideline evaluation and emergency room diagnosis and management Explores the long-term consequences of concussion and repetitive head impacts and the relationship with neurodegeneration Offers an overview of mild, moderate and severe brain injury classification; compares moderate and severe traumatic brain injury within the context of civilian, military and sports circumstances Describes key issues for the evaluation and treatment of cervical spinal cord injuries, peripheral nerve injuries, and sports-related pain Provides an overview of neuroepidemiology and the importance of obtaining meaningful sport-related neuroepidemiologic data that will ultimately provide the foundation for making data-driven decisions for central and peripheral nervous system injuries in sport

Book Description :

Neurology and Pregnancy provides a comprehensive multidisciplinary guide to best practices for research and practicing neurologists, as well as obstetricians and other specialists caring for women with an acute or chronic neurological disorder. The book encompasses preconception care, genetic counseling, pregnancy in patients with chronic neurological disorders, and acute pregnancy-related neurological complications. Postpartum care and complications, including lactation concerns, are also addressed, as well as the long-term effects of pregnancy and its complications on maternal brain health. Vol 1 summarizes the complex neurophysiological changes in pregnancy from a basic and translational science perspective. This includes neuroimaging, principles of neuro-obstetric critical care, and ethical and medicolegal concerns, describes normal fetal cerebral development and summarizes the management of the most common prenatal neurological diagnoses. Vol 2 focuses on chronic neurological conditions in pregnancy such as epilepsy, migraine, and multiple sclerosis, as well as acute neurological disorders including preeclampsia/ eclampsia, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and CNS infections. Each chapter introduction includes data on epidemiology, when applicable. In discussing management, comments of safety profiles of medications preconceptionally, during pregnancy and lactation are summarized. Each chapter includes 1-2 illustrative cases. Discusses neuroendocrine, brain, PNS, and cerebro-vascular changes in pregnancy Includes neurological care of the pregnant patient Covers neuroimaging and monitoring techniques Reviews common neurological complications with pregnancy Supplies illustrative case study examples

Book Description :

Geriatric Neurology, Volume 167, serves as an update on the basic biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying the aging process, with an emphasis on neurological aging and state-of-the-art reviews on our understanding of vascular, cognitive, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases in the elderly. Developed with an eye to providing both the basic underpinnings of age-related changes and the clinical information necessary to aid in diagnostics and treatment, the book serves as a useful volume for students, basic and translational scientists, and practicing clinicians on how to understand and treat common neurological disorders in the elderly. Reviews the foundations of geriatric neurology, including the fundamentals of age associated changes in molecular biology, altered pharmacokinetics and psychopharmacology that make drug therapy in the elderly different from younger patients Contains major advances in our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases Features contributions from world leaders in geriatric neurology–the broadest, most expert coverage available

Book Description :

Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders, Volume 178 in the Handbooks of Neurology series provides comprehensive summaries of recent research on the brain and nervous system. This volume reviews alterations in vision that stem from the retina to the cortex. Coverage includes content on vision and driving derived from the large amount of time devoted in clinics to determining who is safe to drive, along with research on the interplay between visual loss, attention and strategic compensations that may determine driving suitability. The title concludes with vision therapies and the evidence behind these approaches. Each chapter is co-written by a basic scientist collaborating with a clinician to provide a solid underpinning of the mechanisms behind the clinical syndromes. Reviews the neurological underpinnings of visual perception disorders Encompasses the cortex to the retina Covers functional organization, electrophysiology and subcortical visual pathways Discusses assessment, diagnosis and management of visual perception disorders Includes international experts from Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Singapore, and the UK and US

Book Description :

Psychopharmacology of Neurologic Disease, Volume 165 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, provides clinicians with an up-to-date, critical review of the best approaches to treatment of neurologic disease as discussed by experienced clinical investigators. The book is organized into sections on dementia, delirium, movement disorders, hereditary degenerative disease, epilepsy and psychogenic seizures, brain vascular disease, pseudobulbar affect, traumatic brain injury, neuro-oncology, multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disorders, chronic fatigue syndrome/fibromyalgia, pain, headache, sleep disorders, autoimmune encephalitis/anti- NMDA encephalitis, functional sensory neurologic symptom disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders. Each of these diagnostic categories has a significant incidence of behavioral symptomatology that is secondary to the neurologic diagnosis that can serve to complicate other therapeutic interventions, alter the course of illness, and cause distress in patients and family caregivers. Provides a systematic, evidence-based compendium of best practices in the treatment of behavioral symptomatology relating to neurologic conditions Integrates state-of-the-art approaches in treating all behavioral symptomatology across all major neurologic disorders Explores psychopharmacological intervention, non-pharmacological strategies, behavioral symptomatology, and therapeutic interventions

Book Description :

This is one volume of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The disorders and disabilities volume focuses on disorders of intellectual abilities, language, learning memory as well as psychiatric developmental disorders. The developmental aspects of neurological diseases in children is also covered. Chapters discuss when and how these disorders develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. Assessment, treatment, and long-term outcome are provided as well as advances in methods and tools for assessment. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) Summarizes research on neurocognitive developmental disorders and disabilities Includes disorders of intellectual abilities, language, learning, memory, and more Separately covers developmental aspects of neurological diseases in children Features advances in methods and tools of assessment Reviews patient care, rehabilitation, and long-term outcomes Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians

Book Description :

This is one of a two-volume work on neurocognitive development, focusing separately on normative and non-normative development. The normative volume focuses on neurology, biology, genetics, and psychology of normative cognitive development. It covers the development of intellectual abilities, visual perception, motor function, language, memory, attention, executive function, social cognition, learning abilities, and affect and behavior. The book identifies when and how these functions develop, the genetics and neurophysiology of their operation, and their evaluation and assessment in clinical practice. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference to researchers in cognitive development in neuroscience, psychology, and medicine, as well as to clinicians and allied health professionals focused on developmental disabilities (child neurologists, pediatric neuropsychologists, child psychiatrists, speech and language therapists, and occupational therapists.) Summarizes research on normative neurocognitive development Includes intellectual abilities, language, memory, attention, motor function, and more Discusses genetics and environmental influences on development Provides interdisciplinary information of use to both researchers and clinicians

Book Description :

Cingulate Cortex, Volume 166 summarizes research on the cingulate cortex, including its structure and function in health and how it is compromised in disease or trauma. Chapters discuss the cingulate organization by region and area, cover its function in consciousness, attention, social cognition and spatial orientation, review neurological disorders with cingulate involvement, including neurodegenerative disorders, movement disorders, Parkinson’s, ADHD, Cognitive impairment, Palsy, Tourette’s Syndrome, chronic pain, seizures, and more. Final sections discuss the relationship between the cingulate cortex, stress and psychiatric disorders. Coverage here includes PTSD, anxiety, depression, and evidence-based treatment for same. Identifies the structure and function of all areas and regions of the cingulate cortex Discusses its role in sensory-motor, cognitive and emotional processing Covers cingulate-mediated neurological and psychiatric disorders Supplies evidence-based treatment for cingulate mediated disorders

Book Description :

The Hypothalamus is an important area of the brain for understanding a variety of neurological disorders. This volume summarizes for readers the anatomy and physiology of the middle and posterior hypothalamus, to better understand pathology and treatment of hypothalamus related disorders. In addition to anatomy and physiology in humans, cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture in rodents is provided. The volume explores the role of the hypothalamus in disorders of eating, sleeping, anxiety, and mood, as well as its role in sexual behavior and gender identity. Coverage includes how Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders relate to the hypothalamus. Reviews the anatomy and physiology of the middle and posterior hypothalmus Provides cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture from rodents Discusses hypothalamic related disorders of eating, sleeping, anxiety, and mood Covers how Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders relate to the hypothalamus Explores the role of the hypothalamus in sexual behavior and gender identity

Book Description :

Neuropalliative Care, Part One, Volume 190 covers a type of care that is given when there is no cure for the neurological disorder and the patient is in distress. It provides a scholarly background of neuropalliative care, from historic underpinnings to its practice in various geographical regions, along with best practices for specific neurological disorders. It covers the work of multi or interdisciplinary teams whose care is intended to make the patient as comfortable as possible and includes partners and families in treatment plans. Summarizes research in neuropalliative care Identifies current practices in different geographic regions Provides best practices for specific neurological disorders and patient populations Includes advanced care planning

Book Description :

Interoperative Monitoring, Volume 186 provides a concise overview of advances in interoperative monitoring targeted for clinical neurologists. It identifies techniques (EEG, ECoG, EMG, etc.), optimal anesthesia for use, safety issues to be considered, and then discusses advances as they relate to intracranial, spinal, peripheral nerve and vascular surgery. Best practices and case studies are included for all chapters as well as surgical microscope views, illustrations, and medical imaging. Identifies the best techniques for specific surgeries with details that include case studies Covers intracranial, spinal, peripheral nerve and vascular surgeries Specifies optimal anesthesia for use Addresses safety issues to be considered Utilizes surgical microscope views, illustrations and medical imaging

Book Description :

Precision Medicine in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Part One, Volume 192 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology deals with the "Why" in the approach to slow the progression of accelerated brain aging. This volume is intended to provide a scholarly background on the framework, basic science and conceptual pitfalls related to disease-modifying efforts in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders. Among topics covered are different models of precision medicine, the lumping-versus-splitting tension in biomarker development and therapeutics, and the rationale for replacing the convergence of the prevailing autopsy-based nosology of neurodegenerative diseases with the divergence of a systems biology approach to human diseases. Specific chapters are dedicated to the promise of genetic subtypes and the lessons in disease modification offered by the fields of oncology and cystic fibrosis that can be adapted to the field of neurodegeneration. Matching a biology-correcting therapy with those biologically suitable to benefit from such therapy represents the vision and mission of precision medicine, the highest level of personalized medicine. Summarizes theory and research on precision medicine in neurodegenerative disorders Covers basic biology, clinical trials and therapeutics Includes disease mechanisms, genetic subtypes, and more