Retrovirus Cell Interactions

Book Description :

Retrovirus-Cell Interactions provides an up-to-date review of the interactions between retroviruses and the cells they infect, offering a comprehensive understanding of how retroviruses hijack cellular factors to facilitate virus replication. Drugs targeting viral enzymes have been developed to treat HIV; the next challenge is to inhibit virus-cell interactions as next generation treatment strategies. Organized according to the retrovirus' replication cycle, this book does not focus exclusively on HIV, but rather includes important findings in other retroviral systems, including animal retroviruses, retrotransposons, and endogenous retroelements to allow broad comparisons on important commonalities and differences. Provides a valuable starting point for people who want to develop a detailed understanding of retroviral replication Includes future-thinking strategies, such as next-generation treatment and anti-retroviral therapeutics Features important commonalities and differences among retroviral systems

Book Description :

The articles in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the roles played by cellular factors in the early steps of retroviral replication. A better understanding of these functions will provide critical new insights into retrovirus-host cell interactions and is likely to prove useful for the future development of effective antiretroviral therapies.

Book Description :

The articles in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the roles played by cellular factors in the early steps of retroviral replication. A better understanding of these functions will provide critical new insights into retrovirus-host cell interactions and is likely to prove useful for the future development of effective antiretroviral therapies.

Book Description :

For over 25 years the study of retroviruses has underpinned much of what is known about information transfer in cells and the genetic and biochemical mechanisms that underlie cell growth and cancer induction. Emergent diseases such as AIDS and adult T-cell lymphoma have widened even further the community of investigators directly concerned with retroviruses, a development that has highlighted the need for an integrated understanding of their biology and their unique association with host genomes. This remarkable volume satisfies that need. Written by a group of the field's most distinguished investigators, rigorously edited to provide a seamless narrative, and elegantly designed for clarity and readability, this book is an instant classic that demands attention from scientists and physicians studying retroviruses and the disorders in which they play a role.

Book Description :

Download Interactions of Viral and Host Cell Proteins with Viral Nucleic Acid Sequences in Retrovirus Vectors book written by Janet E. Embretson, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

The first book to specifically cover the molecular biology of retroviruses - of immense importance since the high profile of HIV. International contributors provide detailed reviews of the latest knowledge. An excellent text for both medical and non-medical researchers, it also serves as an illuminating introduction for scientists active in other areas.

Book Description :

Download Interactions of Retroviral Transforming Gene Products with the Host Cell book written by Jeffrey Edmund De Clue, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Retroviruses and herpesviruses are two important human pathogens. Together, they occupy one of the most important places in modern Medical Virology. Coinfections of these two viruses in the same individuals are frequently observed, especially in patients afflicted with AIDS. Potential consequences of such interactions include the exacerbation of the disease, changing of the disease courses and the release of new viruses, etc. An understanding of the underlying mechanism is important, but, thus far, few insights have been gained. The present monograph, arranged in eight chapters, is intended to provide an updated and concise review of recent works regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of such interactions. The topics covered range from transcriptional regulation, receptor modulation, genetic recombination, to AIDS and oncogenesis. Human immunodeficiency virus, avian leukosis virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, herpesvirus-6 and Marek's disease virus are among the viruses discussed. The contributing authors are among the leaders in this field and are responsible for many of the original discoveries presented. This should serve as a valuable research and teaching reference for both beginning and advanced researchers in virology and oncology.

Book Description :

Download Cell virus Interactions During Retroviral Infection book written by Tai Yun Roe, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Cell Interactions in Atherosclerosis covers the scientific foundations of the most important disease inflicting the developed world today. It presents a collection of topical aspects on the general theme of cell interactions in atherosclerosis, providing authoritative, up-to-the-minute accounts of how new developments in cell biology have advanced our understanding of these cellular interactions. The book is amply illustrated with electron micrographs and light micrographs incorporating modern cytochemical procedures. Cell Interactions in Atherosclerosis will interest all medical and scientific professionals dealing with atherosclerosis and heart disease.

Book Description :

This volume focuses on virus-host cell interactions, cellular genes acquired or modulated by viruses, the pathological effects of these interactions, and therapeutic interventions. Several chapters specifically address the role of viruses and genes – such as oncogenes, proto-oncogenes, or tumor suppressor genes – in the etiology of human cancer. Oncogenic signaling by PI3 kinase, mTOR, Akt, or the major cancer drivers MYC and RAF, and the role of tumor suppressors like p53, are discussed in detail. The volume also explores the emerging role of noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs in tumorigenesis and cancer therapeutics, and offers new insights into the role of HIV-host interactions relevant to pathogenesis and treatment. Gathering contributions written by leading scientists in their respective fields, the volume offers a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians alike.

Book Description :

Download AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Other Manifestations of HIV Infection book written by Gary P. Wormser,Rosalyn E. Stahl,Edward J. Bottone, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Download AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Download Retroviral Vectors for Gene Therapy book written by Massimo Pizzato, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

Viruses interact with host cells in ways that uniquely reveal a great deal about general aspects of molecular and cellular structure and function. Molecular and Cellular Biology of Viruses leads students on an exploration of viruses by supporting engaging and interactive learning. All the major classes of viruses are covered, with separate chapters for their replication and expression strategies, and chapters for mechanisms such as attachment that are independent of the virus genome type. Specific cases drawn from primary literature foster student engagement. End-of-chapter questions focus on analysis and interpretation with answers being given at the back of the book. Examples come from the most-studied and medically important viruses such as HIV, influenza, and poliovirus. Plant viruses and bacteriophages are also included. There are chapters on the overall effect of viral infection on the host cell. Coverage of the immune system is focused on the interplay between host defenses and viruses, with a separate chapter on medical applications such as anti-viral drugs and vaccine development. The final chapter is on virus diversity and evolution, incorporating contemporary insights from metagenomic research. Key selling feature: Readable but rigorous coverage of the molecular and cellular biology of viruses Molecular mechanisms of all major groups, including plant viruses and bacteriophages, illustrated by example Host-pathogen interactions at the cellular and molecular level emphasized throughout Medical implications and consequences included Quality illustrations available to instructors Extensive questions and answers for each chapter

Book Description :

Retroviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that assemble primarily at the plasma membrane of the host cell. During budding from the membrane, they acquire their own glycoproteins as well as a lipid bilayer derived from the cell. The assembly process is complex and involves protein:protein, protein:RNA, and, likely, protein:lipid interactions between viral components and the cell. These interactions appear to be specific and retroviruses are selective in acquisition of proteins. Compatibility during retrovirus assembly appears to be mediated by multiple factors: physical compatibility between glycoproteins and viral structural proteins, trafficking of proteins to appropriate locations, lipid interactions between Gag, Env and the plasma membrane, and microdomain association. In addition to mediating coalescence of appropriate factors, retroviruses appear equally equipped at excluding select host cell proteins and have evolved a number of genes to do so. Surprisingly, retrovirus assembly has remained enigmatic and there are no anti-retroviral drugs that target the assembly stage of HIV replication. Much of the knowledge we have garnered on retrovirus assembly has been through a process known as pseudotyping, where the core structural proteins will accept the glycoproteins of an unrelated virus. Here we present work outlining contributions of the envelope protein from murine leukemia virus to assembly with the lentiviral vector human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). We subsequently observed an interesting phenotype, where an HIV-1 accessory gene known as Vpu restricts the envelope protein from gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV Env) from assembling with HIV-1. Further studies from our lab demonstrated that Vpu recognizes GaLV Env in a manner almost identical to CD4, the natural cellular target of Vpu, and that GaLV Env is essentially a CD4 analogue. Interestingly, we have found that Vpu restricts both target proteins in a manner that does not fit with the previously described Vpu-restriction model for CD4. Collectively, the GaLV Env model offers a new tool for more carefully investigating how the HIV-1 accessory gene Vpu downmodulates the host cell receptor CD4.

Book Description :

Biomedical Technology and Devices, Second Edition focuses on the equipment, devices, and techniques used in modern medicine to diagnose, treat, and monitor human illnesses. Gathering together and compiling the latest information available on medical technology, this revised work adds ten new chapters. It starts with the basics, introducing the history of the thermometer and measuring body temperature, before moving on to a medley of devices that are far more complex. This book explores diverse technological functions and procedures including signal processing, auditory systems, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonic and emission imaging, image-guided thermal therapy, medical robotics, shape memory alloys, biophotonics, and tissue engineering. Each chapter offers a description of the technique, its technical considerations, and its use according to its applications and relevant body systems. It can be used as a professional resource, as well as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students.

Book Description :

Concise yet comprehensive, the Biomedical Technology and Devices Handbook illuminates the equipment, devices, and techniques used in modern medicine to diagnose, treat, and monitor human illnesses. With topics ranging from the basic procedures like blood pressure measurement to cutting-edge imaging equipment, biological tests, and genetic engineeri

Book Description :

Download Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.

Book Description :

The study of viruses necessarily involves dissecting the intimate details of cellular pathways. Viruses have often been employed as tools in studying cellular pathways, as was done by early retrovirologists such as Peyton Rous in attempting to understand the mechanism of cellular transformation and oncogenesis. On the other side of the coin, virologists seek to de?ne those cellular elements interacting intimatelywiththeir virus ofinterestinorder to better understand viral replication itself, and in some cases to develop antiviral strategies. It is in the intersection of virology and cell biology that many of us ?nd the most rewarding aspects of our research. When a new discovery yields insights into basic cellular mechanisms and presents new targets for int- vention to ?ght a serious pathogen, the impact can be high and the excitement intense. HIV has been no exception to the rule that viruses reveal many basic aspects of cellular biology. In recent years, in part because of the importance of HIV as a major cause of human suffering, numerous cellular processes have been elucidated through work on processes or proteins of this human retrovirus. The excitement in this ?eld is especially well illustrated by the discovery of new innate means of resisting viral replication, such as the work on APOBEC3G, TRIM5a, and BST-2/ tetherin presented in this volume.