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Download Neural Surface Antigens From Basic Biology Towards Biomedical Applications book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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Neural Surface Antigens: From Basic Biology towards Biomedical Applications focuses on the functional role of surface molecules in neural development, stem cell research, and translational biomedical paradigms. With an emphasis on human and rodent model systems, this reference covers fundamentals of neural stem cell biology and flow cytometric methodology. Addressing cell biologists as well as clinicians working in the neurosciences, the book was conceived by an international panel of experts to cover a vast array of particular surface antigen families and subtypes. It provides insight into the basic biology and functional mechanisms of neural cell surface signaling molecules influencing mammalian development, regeneration, and treatments. Introduces early phase clinical trials of neural stem cells Outlines characterization of surface molecule expression and methods for isolation which open unprecedented opportunities for functional study, quantitation & diagnostics Highlights the role of stem cells in neural surface antigen and biomarker analysis and applications
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Download A Comprehensive Analysis of Human Neural Cell Surface Antigens book written by Vishal Menon, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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Neuroimmunology, the latest volume in the Contemporary Neurology Series, provides a practical, clinical, and scientific background on a diverse group of neurological disorders in this rapidly expanding field. The book includes chapters on multiple sclerosis and related disorders in adults and children, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and variants, immune-mediated disorders of the neuromuscular junction, inflammatory myopathies, paraneoplastic disorders and autoimmune encephalitities, and neurologic manifestations of systemic immune-mediated diseases. Unique to the work, the authors have included an introductory chapter on the basics of immunology and another on mechanisms of action of therapies used in neuroimmunologic disorders. The clinical chapters cover epidemiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of the different diseases along with clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, differential diagnosis, and treatment. All are presented in an accessible, practical format, making this volume a valuable resource for physicians and other healthcare providers that will care for persons with neuroimmunologic diseases.
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Advances in Cellular Neurobiology, Volume 1 discusses the topographical anatomy and functional relation of the brain and spinal cord. This book is divided into three main sections—cell differentiation and interaction, aging and pathology, and methodologies. The topics discussed include specializations of non-neuronal cell membranes in the vertebrate nervous system; effects of neurohormones on glial cells; cerebellar granule cells in normal and neurological mutants of mice; and age-related changes in neuronal and glial enzyme activities. The glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein in normal neural cells and in pathological conditions; in vitro behavior of isolated oligodendrocytes; and biochemical mapping of specific neuronal pathways are also deliberated in this text. This publication is intended for neurologists, but is also beneficial to students researching on the central nervous system.
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Neuronal and Glial Proteins: Structure, Function, and Clinical Application focuses on the basic and clinical information relating to a number of proteins that are either enriched in or unique to nervous tissue. This book discusses the structural and functional characteristics of cell-specific proteins, which provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in processes that are specific to glia or neurons. Organized into three sections encompassing 15 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the fundamental principles and strategies involved in studying the anatomical, structural, functional, and immunological aspects of brain protein. This text then discusses the techniques, including the preparation of brain tissues as well as the preparation of neural and glial cells in purified form. Other chapters review the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, which is recognized as a significant technique for discovering brain molecules. The final chapter deals with the membrane-associated nervous system proteins. Neurochemists and clinical researchers will find this book useful.
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Download Research Awards Index book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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Neurochemistry, having the objective of elucidating biochemical processes subserving nervous activity, emerged as an application of chemistry to the of neurobiological problems as a post-World War II phenomenon. investigation However, only in the last 40 years has the chemical community recognized neurochemistry as a distinct, if hybrid, discipline. During this period great strides have been made. However, recently neurochemistry, along with neu rophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroanatomy, and the behavioral sci ences, has emerged to form neuroscience, a new community of scientists with its own national society, journals, and meetings. Actually, this recently formed hybrid, neuroscience, is in the process of merging with another well-established discipline, molecular genetics (frequently called molecular biology, and itself a hybrid), which appears to have sufficient hybrid vigor to form yet a new community of scientists, which, for want of a more imaginative term, has been called molecular genetic neuroscience. Clearly, advantages resulting from such mergers or hybridizations accrue not only from the merging discipline (neurochemistry in this case) to the new community (molecular genetic neuroscience), but also in the reverse direction. This Foreword will be concerned primarily with examples of this latter process.
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Abstract: Cell state-, developmental stage-, and lineage-specific combinatorial expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules enables the identification of cellular subsets via multicolor flow cytometry. We describe an exhaustive characterization of neural cell types by surface antigens, exploiting human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cell systems. Using multiwell screening approaches followed by detailed validation of expression patterns and dynamics, we exemplify a strategy for resolving cellular heterogeneity in stem cell paradigms. In addition to providing a catalog of surface antigens expressed in the neural lineage, we identified the transferrin receptor-1 (CD71) to be differentially expressed in neural stem cells and differentiated neurons. In this context, we describe a role for N-Myc proto-oncogene (MYCN) in maintaining CD71 expression in proliferating neural cells. We report that in vitro human stem cell-derived neurons lack CD71 surface expression and that the observed differential expression can be used to identify and enrich CD71− neuronal derivatives from heterogeneous cultures
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Contributors discuss the history of the discovery of the antigen (in 1963), its structure and peculiar distribution (appearing on both nerve and lymph cells), the genes that regulate it, its expression under various conditions, immune responses to it, mitotic triggering, suppressor T cells, and neuroimmunology (on the relationship between the nervous and lymphoid systems). The concluding chapter advances a theory that the function of Thy-1 may vary in different tissues and different species. Annotation(c) 2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
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Download Autoantibodies book written by Rikard Holmdahl,Falk Nimmerjahn,Ralf J. Ludwig, available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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The first edition of Protocols for Neural Cell Culture was published in 1992 and the second edition in 1997. Originally, the publication grew outofprotocols used in the Tissue Culture Course given at the University of Saskatchewan. The course was patterned on those given by the Tissue CultureAssociation, first in Toronto, Canada, in 1948, then in Cooperstown, NY, then Denver, CO, and finally in Madison, WI, where the course ended in 1964. The course in Saskatchewan began in 1963 as a month-long international course that included both animal and plant tissue cultures. Over the years the course underwent specialization, first being limited to animal tissue culture, then to an intensive one-week general course. This led to one-week courses especially designed for tissue culture for the study of cancer or of the cardiovascular or the nervous system. In 1989, the Saskatchewan course became part of the Tissue Culture Training Facility of the Neuroscience Network of the Canadian Network of Centres of Excellence. The course and the Training Facility ceased to exist in 1997. The faculty for the Saskatchewan course was drawn from the best labora tories in the world and laboratory protocols from those centers were thoroughly tested in a student laboratory setting for many years.
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Studies of simple and emerging systems have been undertaken to un derstand the processes by which a developing system unfolds, and to understand more completely the basis of the complexity of the fully formed structures. The nervous system has long been particularly in triguing for such studies, because of the early recognition of a multitude of distinctly differentiated states exhibited by nerve cells with different morphologies. Anatomical studies suggest that one liver cell may be very like another, but indicate that neurons come in a remarkable di versity of forms. This diversity at the anatomical level has parallels at the physiological and biochemical levels. It is becoming increasingly easy to characterize the different cellular phenotypes of neurons. The repeatability with which these phenotypes are expressed may account in part for the specificity and reliability with which neurons form con nections, and it has allowed precise description of the first appearance and further development of the differentiated characteristics of individ ual neurons from relatively undifferentiated precursor cells. This rep resents a major advance over our knowledge of development at the level of tissues, and makes it feasible to define and address questions about the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. Central to these advances has been the clear recognition that there is no single best preparation for the study of neuronal development. Furthermore, it has become evident that no single technique can tell us all we want to know.
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Download Cumulated Index Medicus book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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A fundamental problem in neuroscience is the elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development and function of the nervous system. The complexity of organization, the heteroge neity of cell types and their interactions, and the difficulty of controlling experimental variables in intact organisms make this a formidable task. Because of the ability that it affords to analyze smaller components of the nervous system (even single cells in some cases) and to better control experimental variables, cell culture has become an increasingly valuable tool for neuroscientists. Many aspects of neural development, such as proliferation, differentiation, synaptogenesis, and myelination, occur in culture with time courses remarkably similar to those in vivo. Thus, in vitro methods often provide excellent model systems for investigating neurobiological questions. Ross Harrison described the first culture of neural tissue in 1907 and used morphological methods to analyze the cultures. Since that time the technique has been progressively modified and used to address an ever widening range of developmental questions. In recent years a con vergence of new or improved cell culture, biochemical, electrophysiol ogical, and immunological methods has occurred and been brought to bear on neurobiological questions. This volume is intended not to be comprehensive but rather to highlight some of the latest findings, with a review of previous important work as well, in which combinations of these methods are used.
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Cell Surface Reviews, Volume 3: Dynamic Aspects of Cell Surface Organization reviews the progress in the study of the dynamic nature of membrane organization. The book is comprised of 14 chapters that discuss the various areas of concerns relating to membrane dynamics. The coverage of the text includes techniques and methods employed in the analysis and manipulation of the various aspects of cell membranes, such as freeze-fracture techniques; manipulation of the lipid composition of cultured animal cells; and somatic genetic analysis. The book also talks about some of the traits and behaviors of membrane dynamics including shedding of tumor cell surface antigens; dynamics of antibody binding and complement interactions at the cell surface; and structure and function of surface immunoglobulin of lymphocytes. The text will be of great use to microbiologists, biochemists, and other researchers whose work requires a good understanding of the various aspects of cells.
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This comprehensive volume is a contribution to a new se ries initiated by the NATO Panel on "Gell to Gell Signals in Plants and Animals". The book reflects the outcome of an NATO work shop and bri ngs to mi nd two im portant questions: consideri ng the mass of relevant I iteratu reavai- able, is there any necessity for a new series of books - and considering the flood of compa rable meetings - is there any point in workshops of this nature and their publication? In order to deal with such questions adequately, much more space would be needed than is available in a foreword. Thus, the answers must remain rather superficial and, of course, rather subjective. To simplify the issue, the question of publication can be narrowed down to two fac tors - the financial risk, undertaken by the publisher, and the scientific risk, borne by the editor. If the book is good (with respect to lay-out and content) it will be a success - nothing will be lost the people involved will enhance their reputation! We are left with the question of the usefulness of workshops. Without doubt, it is indeed a useful procedure for experts to come together, in an atmosphere of harmony, and freedom from external pressures and time limitations, to discuss a well-defined theme. Wether in agreement or disagreement, a fair and open forum can be expectet for a variety of contributions.
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Surface Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Cell Adhesion Molecules. The editors have built Surface Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Cell Adhesion Molecules in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Surface Antigens—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
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Download Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research book written by , available in PDF, EPUB, and Kindle, or read full book online anywhere and anytime. Compatible with any devices.
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One of the most active and productive areas of biological science in the past decade has been the study of the biochemical and biophysical prop erties of cell membranes. There is little doubt that membranes are essen tial components of all cellular systems and that each type of membrane manifests specific and characteristic cellular functions. In the nervous system, important events such as neurotransmission, receptor binding, ion transport, axonal transport, and cell uptake are all known to take place within the neural cell membrane. Phospholipids, one of the major components of membranes, not only provide the membrane with its structural integrity and physical proper ties, but also play an important role in regulating membrane function. Attention has recently been focused on the asymmetric localization of these molecules, the identification of discrete metabolic pools of phospholipids within the membrane matrix, and their involvement in sig nal transmission. Although synaptic membranes generally lack an active mechanism for the de novo biosynthesis of phospholipids, a number of enzymic routes are present for their interconversions and for facilitating metabolic turnover. Metabolites generated during the interconversion reactions may also exert a great influence in modulating membrane func tions. The phosphogylcerides of neural membranes are especially enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, only very small amounts of these fatty acids are present in the free form, and they are maintained in dynamic equilibrium with the membrane phospholipids.