Brain Computer Interfaces

Book Description :

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) are devices which measure brain activity and translate it into messages or commands, thereby opening up many investigation and application possibilities. This book provides keys for understanding and designing these multi-disciplinary interfaces, which require many fields of expertise such as neuroscience, statistics, informatics and psychology. This first volume, Methods and Perspectives, presents all the basic knowledge underlying the working principles of BCI. It opens with the anatomical and physiological organization of the brain, followed by the brain activity involved in BCI, and following with information extraction, which involves signal processing and machine learning methods. BCI usage is then described, from the angle of human learning and human-machine interfaces. The basic notions developed in this reference book are intended to be accessible to all readers interested in BCI, whatever their background. More advanced material is also offered, for readers who want to expand their knowledge in disciplinary fields underlying BCI. This first volume will be followed by a second volume, entitled Technology and Applications

Book Description :

For generations, humans have fantasized about the ability to create devices that can see into a person’s mind and thoughts, or to communicate and interact with machines through thought alone. Such ideas have long captured the imagination of humankind in the form of ancient myths and modern science fiction stories. Recent advances in cognitive neuroscience and brain imaging technologies have started to turn these myths into a reality, and are providing us with the ability to interface directly with the human brain. This ability is made possible through the use of sensors that monitor physical processes within the brain which correspond with certain forms of thought. Brain-Computer Interfaces: Applying our Minds to Human-Computer Interaction broadly surveys research in the Brain-Computer Interface domain. More specifically, each chapter articulates some of the challenges and opportunities for using brain sensing in Human-Computer Interaction work, as well as applying Human-Computer Interaction solutions to brain sensing work. For researchers with little or no expertise in neuroscience or brain sensing, the book provides background information to equip them to not only appreciate the state-of-the-art, but also ideally to engage in novel research. For expert Brain-Computer Interface researchers, the book introduces ideas that can help in the quest to interpret intentional brain control and develop the ultimate input device. It challenges researchers to further explore passive brain sensing to evaluate interfaces and feed into adaptive computing systems. Most importantly, the book will connect multiple communities allowing research to leverage their work and expertise and blaze into the future.

Book Description :

This volume presents a timely overview of the latest BCI research, with contributions from many of the important research groups in the field.

Book Description :

A brain-computer interface (BCI) establishes a direct output channel between the human brain and external devices. BCIs infer user intent via direct measures of brain activity and thus enable communication and control without movement. This book, authored by experts in the field, provides an accessible introduction to the neurophysiological and signal-processing background required for BCI, presents state-of-the-art non-invasive and invasive approaches, gives an overview of current hardware and software solutions, and reviews the most interesting as well as new, emerging BCI applications. The book is intended not only for students and young researchers, but also for newcomers and other readers from diverse backgrounds keen to learn about this vital scientific endeavour.

Book Description :

Brain–Computer Interfaces Handbook: Technological and Theoretical Advances provides a tutorial and an overview of the rich and multi-faceted world of Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs). The authors supply readers with a contemporary presentation of fundamentals, theories, and diverse applications of BCI, creating a valuable resource for anyone involved with the improvement of people’s lives by replacing, restoring, improving, supplementing or enhancing natural output from the central nervous system. It is a useful guide for readers interested in understanding how neural bases for cognitive and sensory functions, such as seeing, hearing, and remembering, relate to real-world technologies. More precisely, this handbook details clinical, therapeutic and human-computer interfaces applications of BCI and various aspects of human cognition and behavior such as perception, affect, and action. It overviews the different methods and techniques used in acquiring and pre-processing brain signals, extracting features, and classifying users’ mental states and intentions. Various theories, models, and empirical findings regarding the ways in which the human brain interfaces with external systems and environments using BCI are also explored. The handbook concludes by engaging ethical considerations, open questions, and challenges that continue to face brain–computer interface research. Features an in-depth look at the different methods and techniques used in acquiring and pre-processing brain signals, extracting features, and classifying the user's intention Covers various theories, models, and empirical findings regarding ways in which the human brain can interface with the systems or external environments Presents applications of BCI technology to understand various aspects of human cognition and behavior such as perception, affect, action, and more Includes clinical trials and individual case studies of the experimental therapeutic applications of BCI Provides human factors and human-computer interface concerns in the design, development, and evaluation of BCIs Overall, this handbook provides a synopsis of key technological and theoretical advances that are directly applicable to brain–computer interfacing technologies and can be readily understood and applied by individuals with no formal training in BCI research and development.

Book Description :

This introduction to brain-computer interfacing is designed for courses on neural engineering or brain-computer interfacing for students from wide-ranging disciplines.

Book Description :

A recognizable surge in the field of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) research and development has emerged in the past two decades. This book is intended to provide an introduction to and summary of essentially all major aspects of BCI research and development. Its goal is to be a comprehensive, balanced, and coordinated presentation of the field's key principles, current practice, and future prospects.

Book Description :

The success of a BCI system depends as much on the system itself as on the user’s ability to produce distinctive EEG activity. BCI systems can be divided into two groups according to the placement of the electrodes used to detect and measure neurons firing in the brain. These groups are: invasive systems, electrodes are inserted directly into the cortex are used for single cell or multi unit recording, and electrocorticography (EcoG), electrodes are placed on the surface of the cortex (or dura); noninvasive systems, they are placed on the scalp and use electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG) to detect neuron activity. The book is basically divided into three parts. The first part of the book covers the basic concepts and overviews of Brain Computer Interface. The second part describes new theoretical developments of BCI systems. The third part covers views on real applications of BCI systems.

Book Description :

Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain Computer Interface provides concepts of AI for modelling of non-invasive modalities of medical signals such as EEG, MRI, and FMRI. These modalities and their AI-based analysis are employed in BCI and related applications. This can help to improve the healthcare system through detection, identification, predication, analysis and classification of disease, management of chronic conditions, and delivery of health services. Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain Computer Interface emphasizes the real challenges in non-invasive input due to the complex nature of the human brain and for a variety of applications for analysis, classification and identification of different mental states. Each chapter starts with a description of a non-invasive input example and the need and motivation of the associated AI methods, along with discussions to connect the technology through BCI. Major topics include different AI methods/techniques such as Deep Neural Networks and Machine Learning algorithms for different non-invasive modalities such as EEG, MRI, FMRI for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of numerous disorders of the nervous system, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system and various organs of the body. The book also covers applications of AI in management of chronic condition, databases and delivery of health services. Various brain image modalities are analyzed and capabilities of the human brain will be exploited in BCI applications and case studies. The book presents AI methods for solving real-world problems and challenges in BCI and healthcare systems with the help of appropriate case studies and research results. Provides readers with an understanding of the key applications of Artificial Intelligence to Brain-Computer Interface for acquisition and modelling of non-invasive biomedical signal and image modalities for various conditions and disorders Integrates recent advancements of Artificial Intelligence to the evaluation of large amounts of clinical data for early detection of disorders such as Epilepsy, Alcoholism, Sleep Apnea, motor-imagery tasks classification, and others Provides readers with illustrative examples of how Artificial Intelligence can be applied to Brain-Computer Interface, including a wide range of case studies in predicting and classification of neurological disorders

Book Description :

Brain-Computer Interfacing, Volume 168, not only gives readers a clear understanding of what BCI science is currently offering, but also describes future expectations for restoring lost brain function in patients. In-depth technological chapters are aimed at those interested in BCI technologies and the nature of brain signals, while more comprehensive summaries are provided in the more applied chapters. Readers will be able to grasp BCI concepts, understand what needs the technologies can meet, and provide an informed opinion on BCI science. Explores how many different causes of disability have similar functional consequences (loss of mobility, communication etc.) Addresses how BCI can be of use Presents a multidisciplinary review of BCI technologies and the opportunities they provide for people in need of a new kind of prosthetic Offers a comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of BCI for researchers in neuroscience and traumatic brain injury that is also ideal for clinicians in neurology and neurosurgery

Book Description :

Brain–computer interfaces (BCI) are devices which measure brain activity and translate it into messages or commands, thereby opening up many possibilities for investigation and application. This book provides keys for understanding and designing these multi-disciplinary interfaces, which require many fields of expertise such as neuroscience, statistics, informatics and psychology. This second volume, Technology and Applications, is focused on the field of BCI from the perspective of its end users, such as those with disabilities to practitioners. Covering clinical applications and the field of video games, the book then goes on to explore user needs which drive the design and development of BCI. The software used for their design, primarily OpenViBE, is explained step by step, before a discussion on the use of BCI from ethical, philosophical and social perspectives. The basic notions developed in this reference book are intended to be accessible to all readers interested in BCI, whatever their background. More advanced material is also offered, for readers who want to expand their knowledge in disciplinary fields underlying BCI.

Book Description :

Smart Wheelchairs and Brain-Computer Interfaces: Mobile Assistive Technologies combines the fields of neuroscience, rehabilitation and robotics via contributions from experts in their field to help readers develop new mobile assistive technologies. It provides information on robotics, control algorithm design for mobile robotics systems, ultrasonic and laser sensors for measurement and trajectory planning, and is ideal for researchers in BCI. A full view of this new field is presented, giving readers the current research in the field of smart wheelchairs, potential control mechanisms and human interfaces that covers mobility, particularly powered mobility, smart wheelchairs, particularly sensors, control mechanisms, and human interfaces. Presents the first book that combines BCI and mobile robotics Focuses on fundamentals and developments in assistive robotic devices which are commanded by alternative ways, such as the brain Provides an overview of the technologies that are already available to support research and the development of new products

Book Description :

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of practical applications of neuroprosthesis based on functional electrical stimulation for restoration of motor functions lost by spinal cord injury and discusses the use of brain-computer interfaces for their control. The book covers numerous topics starting with basics about spinal cord injury, electrical stimulation, electrical brain signals and brain-computer interfaces. It continues with an overview of neuroprosthetic solutions for different purposes and non-invasive and invasive brain-computer interface implementations and presents clinical use cases and practical applications of BCIs. Finally, the authors give an outlook on cutting edge research with a high potential for clinical translation in the near future. All authors committed themselves to use easy-to-understand language and to avoid very specific information, focusing instead on the essential aspects. This makes this book an ideal choice not only for researchers and clinicians at all stages of their education interested in the topic of brain-computer interface-controlled neuroprostheses, but also for end users and their caregivers who want to inform themselves about the current technological possibilities to improve paralyzed motor functions.

Book Description :

Deep Learning for EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces is an exciting book that describes how emerging deep learning improves the future development of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) in terms of representations, algorithms and applications. BCI bridges humanity's neural world and the physical world by decoding an individuals' brain signals into commands recognizable by computer devices.This book presents a highly comprehensive summary of commonly-used brain signals; a systematic introduction of around 12 subcategories of deep learning models; a mind-expanding summary of 200+ state-of-the-art studies adopting deep learning in BCI areas; an overview of a number of BCI applications and how deep learning contributes, along with 31 public BCI data sets. The authors also introduce a set of novel deep learning algorithms aimed at current BCI challenges such as robust representation learning, cross-scenario classification, and semi-supervised learning. Various real-world deep learning-based BCI applications are proposed and some prototypes are presented. The work contained within proposes effective and efficient models which will provide inspiration for people in academia and industry who work on BCI.

Book Description :

This is the first book on brain-computer interfaces (BCI) that aims to explain how these BCI interfaces can be used for artistic goals. Devices that measure changes in brain activity in various regions of our brain are available and they make it possible to investigate how brain activity is related to experiencing and creating art. Brain activity can also be monitored in order to find out about the affective state of a performer or bystander and use this knowledge to create or adapt an interactive multi-sensorial (audio, visual, tactile) piece of art. Making use of the measured affective state is just one of the possible ways to use BCI for artistic expression. We can also stimulate brain activity. It can be evoked externally by exposing our brain to external events, whether they are visual, auditory, or tactile. Knowing about the stimuli and the effect on the brain makes it possible to translate such external stimuli to decisions and commands that help to design, implement, or adapt an artistic performance, or interactive installation. Stimulating brain activity can also be done internally. Brain activity can be voluntarily manipulated and changes can be translated into computer commands to realize an artistic vision. The chapters in this book have been written by researchers in human-computer interaction, brain-computer interaction, neuroscience, psychology and social sciences, often in cooperation with artists using BCI in their work. It is the perfect book for those seeking to learn about brain-computer interfaces used for artistic applications.

Book Description :

This book addresses the problem of EEG signal analysis and the need to classify it for practical use in many sample implementations of brain–computer interfaces. In addition, it offers a wealth of information, ranging from the description of data acquisition methods in the field of human brain work, to the use of Moore–Penrose pseudo inversion to reconstruct the EEG signal and the LORETA method to locate sources of EEG signal generation for the needs of BCI technology. In turn, the book explores the use of neural networks for the classification of changes in the EEG signal based on facial expressions. Further topics touch on machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks. The book also includes dedicated implementation chapters on the use of brain–computer technology in the field of mobile robot control based on Python and the LabVIEW environment. In closing, it discusses the problem of the correlation between brain–computer technology and virtual reality technology.

Book Description :

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) sounds comparable to plugging a USB cable into a human brain with a laptop and accessing brain information. However, it is not as simple as it sounds. BCI is a multidisciplinary discipline with an exponential progress parallel to and with Artificial Intelligence for the past decades. Initially started with the Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis, BCI offers practical applications for cortical physiology today. Although BCI outcomes are more perceptible in medicine such as cognitive assessment, neurofeedback, and neuroprosthetic implants, it opens up amazing avenues for the business community through machine learning and robotics. Thought-to-text is one example of a hot topic in BCI. So, it is quite predictable to see BCI for individual usage given the current affordability of platforms for less technologically savvy users as well as BCI integrated within office automation productivity tools. The current trend is towards vulgarization for businesses benefits, by extension to the society at large. Thus, the interest in preparing a book on BCI. This book aims to compile and disseminate the latest research findings and best practices on how BCI is expanding the frontiers of knowledge in clinical practices, on the brain itself, and the underlying technologies.

Book Description :

Handbook of Behavioral Medicine presents a comprehensive overview of the current use of behavioral science techniques in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various health related disorders. Features contributions from a variety of internationally recognized experts in behavioral medicine and related fields Includes authors from education, social work, and physical therapy Addresses foundational issues in behavioral medicine in Volume 1, including concepts, theories, treatments, doctor/patient relationships, common medical problems, behavioral technologies, assessment, and methodologies Focuses on medical interface in Volume 2, including issues relating to health disorders and specialties; social work, medical sociology, and psychosocial aspects; and topics relating to education and health 2 Volumes

Book Description :

Brain-Computer Interfaces: Lab Experiments to Real-World Applications, the latest volume in the Progress in Brain Research series, focuses on new trends and developments. This established international series examines major areas of basic and clinical research within the neurosciences, as well as popular and emerging subfields. Explores new trends and developments in brain research Enhances the literature of neuroscience by further expanding this established, ongoing international series Examines major areas of basic and clinical research within the field

Book Description :

This book aims to bring to the reader an overview of different applications of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on more than 20 years of experience working on these interfaces. The author provides a review of the human brain and EEG signals, describing the human brain, anatomically and physiologically, with the objective of showing some of the patterns of EEG (electroencephalogram) signals used to control BCIs. It then introduces BCIs and different applications, such as a BCI based on ERD/ERS Patterns in α rhythms (used to command a robotic wheelchair with an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system onboard it); a BCI based on dependent-SSVEP to command the same robotic wheelchair; a BCI based on SSVEP to command a telepresence robot and its onboard AAC system; a BCI based on SSVEP to command an autonomous car; a BCI based on independent-SSVEP (using Depth-of-Field) to command the same robotic wheelchair; the use of compressive technique in SSVEP-based BCI; a BCI based on motor imagery (using different techniques) to command a robotic monocycle and a robotic exoskeleton; and the first steps to build a neurorehabilitation system based on motor imagery of pedalling together an in immersive virtual environment. This book is intended for researchers, professionals and students working on assistive technology.