Biohydrogen Production And Hybrid Process Development

Book Description :

Biohydrogen Production and Hybrid Process Development: Energy and Resource Recovery from Food Waste explores the production of biohydrogen from food waste via anaerobic fermentation, focusing on effect factors, control methods and optimization. The book introduces food waste treatment and disposal technologies, including operational principles and process control. The authors discuss the use of aged refuse, the effect of several key factors on anaerobic gas production rate, process parameters optimization for enhancing biohydrogen yield, key factors in biohydrogen production from sewage sludge fermentation, and new developments in nutrition recovery from food waste. This book spans the entire production cycle, from waste recovery to its conversion processes, end-product, and by-product utilization, providing engineering researchers, PhD students, and industry practitioners in the field of biohydrogen production, biogas production, biomass conversion, and food waste management with a thorough background on the production of hydrogen via anaerobic fermentation. Covers the fundamentals and applications of the use of food waste for biohydrogen production through anaerobic digestion Explores core challenges of biohydrogen production operations, including details on process optimization and control, and multiple case studies grounded in current industrial practice Includes methodological perspectives comparing and contrasting approaches to biohydrogen production using anaerobic digestion with optimization techniques for production efficiency

Book Description :

"Our Energy Future is an introductory textbook for a college course in energy production, alternative and renewable fuels, and related issues involved in building a sustainable energy future. Our society is consuming energy at an alarming rate as trends in energy consumption continue to rise. Jones and Mayfield explore the creation and history of fossil fuels, their impact on the environment, and how they have become critical to our society. They warn that continuing fuel-usage patterns could permanently damage our environment. Jones and Mayfield also outline how the adoption of sustainable biofuels will be key to our future energy stability. They discuss a number of renewable energy options, and then discuss different biofuel feedstocks and their potential as replacements for petroleum-based products. This book emphasizes the importance of continued scientific, agricultural, and engineering development, while outlining the political and environmental challenges that are coupled with a complete shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy and biomass. Our Energy Future is an excellent, accessible resource for undergraduate students studying biofuels and bioenergy."--Provided by publisher.

Book Description :

Biohydrogen Production: Fundamentals and Technology Advances covers the fundamentals of biohydrogen production technology, including microbiology, biochemistry, feedstock requirements, and molecular biology of the biological hydrogen production processes. It also gives insight into scale-up problems and limitations. In addition, the book discusses mathematical modeling of the various processes involved in biohydrogen production and the software required to model the processes. The book summarizes research advances that have been made in this field and discusses bottlenecks of the various processes, which presently limit the commercialization of this technology. The authors also focus on the process economy, policy, and environmental impact of this technology, since the future of biohydrogen production depends not only on research advances, but also on economic considerations (the cost of fossil fuels), social espousal, and the development of H2 energy systems. The book describes the fundamentals of this technology interwoven with more advanced research findings. Further reading is suggested at the end of each chapter. Since the beauty of any innovation is its applicability, socioeconomic impact, and cost energy analysis, the book examines each of these points to give you a holistic picture of this technology. Illustrative diagrams, flow charts, and comprehensive tables detailing the scientific advancements provide an opportunity to understand the process comprehensively and meticulously. Written in a lucid style, the book supplies a complete knowledge bank about biohydrogen production processes.

Book Description :

This book provides an updated knowledge on the biohydrogen production from industrial and municipal organic waste materials. Microbes are increasingly being included in the hydrogen based biofuel production and this book covers the processes and protocols for biohydrogen production. There is an urgent need of alternative energy research to fulfill the global energy demand. Biohydrogen is a promising source of sustainable and clean energy as it harnessed by biological means. Biohydrogen may be produced by utilizing different waste materials as a substrate, and by optimization of various parameters of bioreactors such as temperature, pH, partial pressure etc. The waste materials used in hydrogen production are categorized as agricultural waste, municipal waste, industrial waste, and other hazardous wastes. Biohydrogen production from wastes materials opened a new opportunity for the widespread use of everlasting renewable energy source. This book is useful for professional scientists, academicians, biotechnologist and environmentalist along with research scholars in various biotechnology and bioenergy industries by addressing the latest research going on in the field of renewal bioenergy production from waste and their global impact on the environment.

Book Description :

Global concern for energy security and environmental protection has put great emphasis on the search for alternative energy sources, particularly for the transport sector. Biofuels have emerged as a highly promising source of alternative energy, and have drawn global R&D for their production using biomass. With the increasing worldwide demand of energy along with the depletion of conventional fossil fuel reserves, there has been growing global interest in developing alternative sources of energy. There has also been concern in growing economies regarding energy security. Biofuels offer much promise on these frontiers. In addition to the above, they also have a reduced environmental impact in comparison to fossil fuels. Biofuels provides state-of-the-art information on the status of biofuel production and related aspects. Detailed overview of the alternative energy field and the role of biofuels as new energy sources Gives a detailed account of the production of biodiesel from non conventional bio-feedstocks such as algae and vegetable oils Includes production of biohydrogen: the fourth generation biofuel

Book Description :

Biomass, Biofuels and Biochemical: Biohydrogen, Second Edition, provides general information, basic data and knowledge on one of the most promising renewable energy sources, including its production and applications. The book describes a green technology for abating environmental crisis and enabling the transformation into a sustainable future. Researchers, students and science enthusiasts alike will appreciate this holistic view of biohydrogen production, which details the functional mechanisms employed, operational configurations, influencing factors and integration strategies. With 50% more content, this new edition outlines the scaling of processes and features material from experienced international researchers working at the interface of biotechnology and engineering. Hydrogen is an energy carrier and is available in chemically combined forms in water, fossil fuels and biomass. About 95 % of current hydrogen requirements are produced through fossil fuel sources. Being a clean energy source, its future widespread use as a fuel is likely to be in the transportation and distributed power generation sectors. Depicts a holistic view of biohydrogen in a unified approach making it a single point of reference Includes new technologies and perspectives giving up-to-date state-of-the-art information on research and commercialization Provides strategic integrations of acidogenesis with various bioprocesses essential in establishing a circular biorefinery Includes new research findings since the 1st edition appeared, with 50% more content Integrates various subjects including biotechnology, bioengineering, molecular biology, environmental science, etc. Reviews the various topics from a global perspective and an international list of contributors

Book Description :

This book provides in-depth information on basic and applied aspects of biohydrogen production. It begins with an introduction to the topic, and follows with the basic scientific aspects of biohydrogen production, such as the enzyme involved in biohydrogen production, the microorganisms and metabolic engineering information. It then provides state-of-art information on various aspects of biohydrogen production methods such as from solid wastes, from industrial effluents, thermo-chemical route for biohydrogen production, etc. It also includes information on engineering aspects such as the design of bioreactors for biohydrogen production and scale-up issues. Finally, it touches on the issues of hydrogen economy and commercialization. The book introduces you to all aspects of biohydrogen research, helping you understand the various issues involved and plan your own research based on recent findings and commercial needs. Provides information on the most advanced and innovative biohydrogen technologies, including fermentation and metabolic processes Provides examples on large-scale and commercial applications of biohydrogen processes and explains the steps necessary for scaling-up Explains the chemistry/theory of the processes involved and provides information on integration of the various processes and technologies on biohydrogen Guides through the process design, reactors and materials selection Devotes a whole chapter on the economical aspects of the processes and their commercialization

Book Description :

The world needs clean and renewable energy and hydrogen represents an almost ideal resource. Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant molecule in the universe, yet one that is a challenge to produce from renewable resources. Biohydrogen, or hydrogen produced from renewable resources such as water or organic wastes by biological means, is a goal worthy of increased global attention and resources. The purpose of BioHydrogen '97 was to bring together leaders in the biological p- duction of hydrogen from the United States, Japan, Europe, and elsewhere to exchange scientific and technical information and catalyze further cooperative programs. Parti- pants came from at least different countries representing academia, industry, and g- ernment. Especially important participants were young research scientists and engineers: the next generation of contributors. The conference consisted of plenary presentations, topical sessions, posters, and mini-workshop discussions on key areas of biohydrogen. It was designed to maximize - formation exchange, personal interaction among participants, and formulate new inter- tional initiatives. BioHydrogen '97 was an outgrowth of an international workshop convened by the Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) and was held in Tokyo, Japan, November 24-25, 1994. The RITE workshop was highly successful but largely l- ited to traditional biochemical and biological studies and not engineering research topics.

Book Description :

This book approaches biofuels from a new biotechnological perspective with the aim of equipping researchers with a thorough, up-to-date understanding of biofuel research and related technologies. Topics include biomethane, bioethanol, biobutanol, biomass, hydrolysis, bio-oil, microbiology, and many more. Biofuel research has evolved mechanisms to advance their utilization and their application in our system. The chapters will provide concise and up-to-date information to aid our understanding of biotechnology-related implications of biofuels development and its advancements. Readers in the areas of bioengineering, sustainability, renewable energies and biotechnology will find this work useful to widen their knowledge and perspectives on biofuels.

Book Description :

Energy is one of the prime needs of the modern world, and energy demands have been rapidly increasing in the recent years owing to rapid advancements in industrialization and population explosion. Conventional fossil fuels are being depleted at rapid rates, and the use of conventional sources such as coal or nuclear sources cause several hazards to the environment. New sources of fuel, such as bioenergy, are an ideal option for fulfilling ever-increasing energy demands. This important book offers an exploration of these alternate fuel sources, including biohydrogen, microbial fuel cells, bioethanol, and biodiesel production, focusing on the challenges and factors hindering the real-time application of these bioenergy sources. Researchers all over the world are working in this energy sector, and this has led to drastic improvements in bioenergy research. However, the technology gap between research and industrial application still exists. This important book offers engineers and technologists from different disciplines valuable information on this multifaceted field. The field of bioenergy is interdisciplinary, requiring the knowledge of biologists, chemists, physicists, and engineers. Exploring the current trends and future prospects for biofuels, the information presented in this book will be valuable to the international industrial community for identifying new options to circumvent problems that exist in bioenergy applications. Topics include: • Thermophilic biohydrogen production • Bio-hydrogen production • Microbial fuel cells as a promising alternative energy source • Microbial fuel cell applications • Potential of Pscillatoria annae in producing bioethanol • Potential of lignocellulosic biofuels • Biodiesel production • Reactor designs for biodesel production • Long-term storage stability of Pongamia pinnata and Jatropha curcus biodiesel

Book Description :

Biohydrogen Production: Fundamentals and Technology Advances covers the fundamentals of biohydrogen production technology, including microbiology, biochemistry, feedstock requirements, and molecular biology of the biological hydrogen production processes. It also gives insight into scale-up problems and limitations. In addition, the book discusses mathematical modeling of the various processes involved in biohydrogen production and the software required to model the processes. The book summarizes research advances that have been made in this field and discusses bottlenecks of the various processes, which presently limit the commercialization of this technology. The authors also focus on the process economy, policy, and environmental impact of this technology, since the future of biohydrogen production depends not only on research advances, but also on economic considerations (the cost of fossil fuels), social espousal, and the development of H2 energy systems. The book describes the fundamentals of this technology interwoven with more advanced research findings. Further reading is suggested at the end of each chapter. Since the beauty of any innovation is its applicability, socioeconomic impact, and cost energy analysis, the book examines each of these points to give you a holistic picture of this technology. Illustrative diagrams, flow charts, and comprehensive tables detailing the scientific advancements provide an opportunity to understand the process comprehensively and meticulously. Written in a lucid style, the book supplies a complete knowledge bank about biohydrogen production processes.

Book Description :

This book comprehensively introduces fundamentals and applications of fermentative hydrogen production from organic wastes, consisting of eight chapters, covering the microbiology, biochemistry and enzymology of hydrogen production, the enrichment of hydrogen-producing microorganisms, the pretreatment of various organic wastes for hydrogen production, the influence of different physicochemical factors on hydrogen production, the kinetic models and simulation of biological process of fermentative hydrogen production, the optimization of biological hydrogen production process and the fermentative hydrogen production from sewage sludge. The book summarizes the most recent advances that have been made in this field and discusses bottlenecks of further development. This book gives a holistic picture of this technology and details the knowledge through illustrative diagrams, flow charts, and comprehensive tables. It is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in bioenergy and wastes management, researchers exploring microbial fermentation process, and engineers working on system optimization or other bioenergy applications.

Book Description :

Increase in green, renewable and sustainable energy demand due to higher environmental impacts (e.g. Greenhouse gases emissions, climate change, etc.) on consumption of fossil fuel resource put down an extra pressure on government, researchers and industrialists. Among several available biofuel options, biohydrogen is considered as one of the best environmentally clean fuel and a strong candidate to fulfil the future demand of sustainable energy resource. Although, biohydrogen production technology and its use as a fuel is still in infancy stage. Selection of most sustainable production pathway, increase in production upto industrial scale and cost efficiency are some issue still persist with the biohydrogen research. “Biohydrogen Production: Sustainability of Current Technology and Future Perspective” is giving an insight for the sustainable production of biohydrogen at industrial scale. The process of biohydrogen production is complex and to opt the best suited production system for industrial scale is a frantic task. This book will provide an in depth information on all available technologies for biohydrogen production and feedstock options to choose upon. This book is also providing information on present status of the research in the field and possibility to change future fuel economy in to biohydrogen economy. Experts views provided in the chapters by renowned researchers from all over the globe in the field of biohydrogen research made this book a cornucopia of present research and future perspective of biohydrogen. This book is targeted at the researchers working on biohydrogen as well as the bioenergy scientist planning to move towards biohydrogen research. This book will provide a platform for motivation of researchers and industrialists for innovative ideas and thoughts to bring biohydrogen production at industrial scale.

Book Description :

Biohydrogen is a promising gaseous biofuel that has prospective applications in combined heat and power, for fuel cells, or as a precursor for chemicals production. Hydrogen can also be converted to liquid hydrocarbon fuels and value-added chemicals through catalytic thermochemical or through biocatalytic biological pathways. This book addresses both the fundamentals as well as advanced new technological research on biohydrogen production by focusing on recent global research with emphasis on the technological, environmental, socioeconomic, and techno-economic aspects. It covers some the important advances in the production and utilization of biohydrogen and its solutions for clean fuel, waste management, waste valorization, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change mitigation. The book first covers the basic principles, benefits, and challenges concerning both the biological and thermochemical routes for biohydrogen production and then goes on to address topics such as biomass conversion to hydrogen through gasification with a focus on the process parameters, catalytic reforming technologies for hydrogen production concerning various feedstocks, the co-conversion of plastic wastes and biomass into biohydrogen through co-gasification technology, the effect of process parameters on syngas yields through co-gasification; fermentative hydrogen production technologies, the molecular mechanism of hydrogen production and enhancing the yield in hydrogen production by genetic and metabolic engineering, hydrogen production routes through microbial electrolysis, and much more.

Book Description :

The search for alternative sources of energy to offset diminishing resources of easy and cost-effective fossil fuels has become a global initiative, and fuel generated from biomass is a leading competitor in this arena. Large-scale introduction of biofuels into the energy mix could contribute to environmentally and economicaly sustainable development on a global scale. The processes and methodologies presented in this volume will offer a cutting-edge and comprehensive approach to the production of biofuels, for engineers, researchers, and students.

Book Description :

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Biofuels and Biochemicals Production" that was published in Fermentation

Book Description :

For researchers already familiar with biomass conversion technologies and for professionals in other fields, such as agriculture, food, and chemical industries, here is a comprehensive review of the emerging biorefinery industry. The book's content has been conveniently organized according to technologies (biomass feedstock and pretreatment, hydrolytic enzymes in biorefinery, and biofuels), with each chapter highlighting an important biobased industrial product. For undergraduate and graduate students, the book is a thorough introduction to biorefinery technologies.

Book Description :

In combating global warming and other environmental issues over the use of fossil fuels, extensive research has been focusing on developing hydrogen production from biological processes. Biohydrogen is considered a promising future biofuel because of its intrinsic clean and high-energy content properties and the way it is produced. In addition to being produced through environmentally friendly biological means, its conversion to energy yields only pure water, which is an ideal energy carrier in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Unlike other well-developed biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel, biohydrogen production is still in the early stage of development. A variety of technologies are being developed for biohydrogen production. This chapter presents a review of the state-of-the-art and perspectives of bioprocess design for biohydrogen production research in the context of pathways, microorganisms, metabolic flux analysis, process design, and reactor system. Challenges and prospects of biohydrogen production are also outlined.

Book Description :

The intensification of agriculture and food production in recent years has led to an increase in the production of food co-products and wastes. Their disposal by incineration or landfill is often expensive as well as environmentally sensitive. Methods to valorise unused co-products and improve the management of wastes that cannot be reused, as well as techniques to reduce the quantity of waste produced in the first place, are increasingly important to the food industry. With its distinguished editor and array of international contributors, Waste management and co-product recovery in food processing reviews the latest developments in this area and describes how they can be used to reduce waste. The first section of the book provides a concise introduction to the field with a particular focus on legislation and consumer interests, principle drivers of waste management. Part two addresses the minimisation of biowaste and the optimisation of water and energy use in food processing. The third section covers key technologies for co-product separation and recovery, such as supercritical fluid extraction and membrane filtration, as well as important issues to consider when recovering co-products, such as waste stabilisation and microbiological risk assessment. Part four offers specific examples of waste management and co-product exploitation in particular sectors such as the red meat, poultry, dairy, fish and fruit and vegetable industries. The final part of the book summarises advanced techniques, to dispose of waste products that cannot be reused, and reviews state of the art technologies for wastewater treatment. Waste management and co-product recovery in food processing is a vital reference to all those in the food processing industry concerned with waste minimisation, co-product valorisation and end waste management. Looks at the optimisation of manufacturing procedures to decrease waste, energy and water use Explores methods to valorise waste by co-product recovery Considers best practice in different sectors of the food industry

Book Description :

This book discusses different types of alternative fuels, including biodiesel, alcohol, synthetic fuels, compressed natural gas (CNG) and its blend with hydrogen, HCNG, and provides detailed information on the utilization of these alternative fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines. Further, it presents methods for production of these alternative fuels and explores advanced combustion techniques, such as low-temperature and dual-fuel combustion, using alternative fuels. It includes a chapter on the soot morphology of biodiesel, which focuses on the toxicity. There are also four chapters on hydrogen-fueled engines, which discuss use of hydrogen in IC engines and also provide important information on the methodologies. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.